The purpose of these activities is to develop some basic concepts of algebra
and geometry through a study of common utensils and tools. Students begin by
examining some of these devices, and trying to find their common features.
Through this activity, they develop ideas about input, output, motion and
force. Next, they sort some common mechanisms according to lever classes,
and then do a qualitative exploration of mechanical advantage. Students
then collect data showing the relationship between input and output
position of a pair of salad tongs. The result is expressed by a linear
function. To investigate force, as well as distance, students use spring
scales to find the force exerted by the return spring of a pair of salad
tongs. An investigation of angular dependence leads to a discussion of
vectors. This is followed by a study of the relationship between force and
distance, which provides an example of a nonlinear function, as well as an
introduction to the Law of the Lever, which is a special case of
Conservation of Energy. The concluding activity looks at the tin snips, as
an example of a compound lever. How can the mechanical advantage be
calculated for this device? The answer involves an introduction to
composite functions.